Learning path
Scrum (Scrum.org PSM / PSPO / PSD) learning path: everything to study, topic by topic
Assesses readiness for the Scrum.org Professional Scrum assessments (PSM I and II, PSPO I, PSD I): empirical process control and the Scrum Guide 2020, the Scrum Team accountabilities, the five events, the artifacts and their commitments, self-managing teams, Scrum Master stances and facilitation, Evidence-Based Management, and the engineering practices of a Professional Scrum Developer.
Short answer
To learn Scrum (Scrum.org PSM / PSPO / PSD), work through 6 modules and 28 topics in the order they build on each other. It starts with Scrum Theory & Values, then moves on to Scrum Team & Accountabilities and Scrum Events. Use the map as a checklist, or measure your level and study only what is missing.
What you will study
Topics are grouped by module. Open one to see its objectives and key concepts.
1 · Scrum Theory & Values4 topics
Empiricism & Lean Thinking
The theory behind Scrum: empirical process control built on transparency, inspection and adaptation, the difference from defined (predictive) processes, lean thinking, and how each Scrum event provides a formal opportunity to inspect and adapt
Objectives
- Explain the three pillars and why each depends on the others
- Contrast empirical and predictive control with a concrete example
- Map each Scrum event to the inspection and adaptation it enables
Key concepts
- three pillars
- transparency
- inspection and adaptation
- empirical vs defined process
- lean thinking
- knowledge from experience
Scrum Values
Commitment, Focus, Openness, Respect and Courage: what each value means in practice, how the values support the pillars, and how a Scrum Master recognizes and addresses behavior that violates them
Objectives
- Describe each value with an observable team behavior
- Recognize a value being undermined in a realistic situation
- Explain how the values make empiricism possible
Key concepts
- commitment
- focus
- openness
- respect
- courage
- values and pillars
- trust
Scrum Guide 2020 Framework Overview
Scrum as a lightweight framework: the single Scrum Team, five events, three artifacts with their commitments, rules that bind them together, what the 2020 Guide changed (no Development Team, Product Goal, Sprint Goal as commitment, self-managing, no three questions) and what Scrum deliberately leaves unspecified
Objectives
- Describe the Scrum framework end to end in the 2020 vocabulary
- Identify which statements reflect the 2020 Guide and which are outdated
- Explain what Scrum prescribes and what each team must decide itself
Key concepts
- framework vs methodology
- Scrum Team of one team
- events, artifacts, commitments
- 2020 changes
- Product Goal
- Scrum is purposefully incomplete
Scrum Anti-Patterns & Misconceptions
Recognizing 'Scrum-but', mini-waterfall sprints, status-meeting Daily Scrums, the Scrum Master as project manager, velocity as a target, hardening sprints and other deviations, and responding to them with the Scrum Guide as reference while keeping the framework whole
Objectives
- Diagnose which Scrum rule is broken from a described behavior
- Explain why partial adoption limits the benefits of Scrum
- Propose a coaching response that restores the intent of the practice
Key concepts
- Scrum-but
- mini-waterfall
- velocity as target
- hardening sprint
- Scrum Master as manager
- partial adoption
- cargo cult
2 · Scrum Team & Accountabilities4 topics
Scrum Master Accountability
The Scrum Master as a true leader accountable for the Scrum Team's effectiveness: serving the team (coaching, focus on Increments that meet the Definition of Done, removing impediments, keeping events positive and timeboxed), the Product Owner and the organization, and what a Scrum Master is not
Objectives
- List what the Scrum Master does for the team, the Product Owner and the organization
- Distinguish Scrum Master duties from project management and line management
- Decide when to act, coach or step back in a realistic situation
Key concepts
- accountable for effectiveness
- serving team, PO, organization
- impediment removal
- events happen and are productive
- not a project manager
- true leader
Product Owner Accountability
One person accountable for maximizing the value of the product resulting from the Scrum Team's work: developing and communicating the Product Goal, creating and ordering Product Backlog items, ensuring transparency, what may be delegated, and the organization's duty to respect the Product Owner's decisions
Objectives
- State what the Product Owner is accountable for and what may be delegated
- Resolve a conflict between stakeholder demands and Product Backlog order
- Explain why the Product Owner must be one person with real authority
Key concepts
- maximizing value
- one person not a committee
- Product Goal
- ordering the backlog
- delegation of work not accountability
- respecting PO decisions
Developers Accountability
Developers are the people committed to creating any aspect of a usable Increment each Sprint: creating the Sprint plan, instilling quality through the Definition of Done, adapting the plan daily toward the Sprint Goal and holding each other accountable as professionals; who counts as a Developer
Objectives
- List the four Developer accountabilities
- Decide who owns a decision about how work is done in a Sprint
- Explain why no sub-teams or titles exist inside the Developers
Key concepts
- usable Increment
- Sprint Backlog ownership
- Definition of Done conformance
- daily adaptation
- professional accountability
- Developers need not be programmers
Self-Managing, Cross-Functional Scrum Teams
The Scrum Team as one unit of focus with no sub-teams or hierarchies, small enough (typically ten or fewer) and cross-functional, self-managing who, what and how; growing self-management, team size trade-offs, collaboration with stakeholders and what a manager can still do
Objectives
- Explain the difference between self-managing and self-organizing
- Handle a manager or stakeholder who assigns tasks to individual Developers
- Plan how to grow a team's autonomy step by step
Key concepts
- self-managing vs self-organizing
- cross-functional
- no sub-teams
- team size
- internal decision making
- single product focus
- stakeholder collaboration
3 · Scrum Events5 topics
The Sprint
The Sprint as the heartbeat and container event: fixed length of one month or less, consistency, no changes that endanger the Sprint Goal, scope clarification and renegotiation, who can cancel and when, and why Sprints are not extended
Objectives
- State the rules that protect a Sprint
- Decide whether cancelling a Sprint is justified
- Explain the benefit of a stable Sprint length
Key concepts
- timebox one month or less
- consistent length
- Sprint cancellation by Product Owner
- scope renegotiation
- Sprint Goal protection
- sprints back to back
Sprint Planning
The three topics of Sprint Planning: why the Sprint is valuable (Sprint Goal), what can be done (Developers select Product Backlog items) and how the work will get done (plan); inputs, timebox of eight hours for a one-month Sprint, and the roles of each accountability
Objectives
- Walk through the three topics of Sprint Planning
- Explain who decides how much is pulled into the Sprint
- Respond when the Product Owner pushes extra work during planning
Key concepts
- why, what, how
- Sprint Goal crafted collaboratively
- Developers select items
- capacity and forecast
- 8-hour timebox
- plan of at least the first days
Daily Scrum
A 15-minute event for the Developers to inspect progress toward the Sprint Goal and adapt the Sprint Backlog: structure chosen by the Developers, same time and place, who attends and who owns it, and why it is not a status report to management
Objectives
- Describe the purpose and rules of the Daily Scrum
- Redirect a status-report Daily Scrum toward the Sprint Goal
- Explain the Scrum Master's role in the Daily Scrum
Key concepts
- 15-minute timebox
- progress toward Sprint Goal
- Developers own the event
- no mandatory three questions
- same time and place
- detailed re-planning afterwards
Sprint Review
A working session to inspect the outcome of the Sprint and determine future adaptations: Scrum Team and key stakeholders, progress toward the Product Goal, reviewing the Product Backlog and the market, four hours for a one-month Sprint, and how it differs from a demo or sign-off
Objectives
- Explain what the Sprint Review inspects and what it produces
- Fix a Sprint Review that has become a one-way presentation
- Decide how stakeholder feedback changes the Product Backlog
Key concepts
- inspect outcome
- stakeholder collaboration
- not a demo or sign-off
- Product Backlog adaptation
- timeline, budget, market
- 4-hour timebox
Sprint Retrospective
The event that plans ways to increase quality and effectiveness: inspecting individuals, interactions, processes, tools and the Definition of Done, identifying the most helpful changes, addressing them as soon as possible, a three-hour timebox, and keeping improvements flowing into the next Sprint
Objectives
- State the purpose and inputs of the Sprint Retrospective
- Turn a complaint session into actionable improvements
- Keep retrospective actions visible and followed through
Key concepts
- inspect how the Sprint went
- improvement items
- Definition of Done review
- psychological safety
- 3-hour timebox
- improvement in Sprint Backlog
4 · Artifacts & Commitments4 topics
Product Backlog & Product Goal
The Product Backlog as the single, emergent, ordered list of what is needed to improve the product, the Product Goal as its long-term objective and commitment, refinement as ongoing work, items small enough for a Sprint, and transparency of ordering
Objectives
- Explain what a Product Goal is and how it relates to the Product Backlog
- Order a set of items against a stated Product Goal
- Describe what makes an item ready for Sprint Planning
Key concepts
- emergent ordered list
- Product Goal as commitment
- one Product Goal at a time
- refinement
- ordering criteria
- single source of work
Sprint Backlog & Sprint Goal
The Sprint Backlog as the Sprint Goal (why), the selected Product Backlog items (what) and the plan for delivering them (how), owned by the Developers and updated throughout the Sprint; the Sprint Goal as the commitment that gives flexibility
Objectives
- Describe the three parts of the Sprint Backlog
- Renegotiate scope without losing the Sprint Goal
- Judge whether a stated Sprint Goal is a real goal
Key concepts
- Sprint Goal as commitment
- why-what-how
- plan owned by Developers
- real-time picture
- scope flexibility
- visibility of progress
Increment & Definition of Done
The Increment as a concrete, usable step toward the Product Goal, additive and verified, the Definition of Done as the commitment that creates transparency, organizational versus team standards, handling work that is not Done, and evolving the Definition of Done
Objectives
- Define Increment and Definition of Done precisely
- Decide what to do with an item that is not Done at the Sprint's end
- Improve a Definition of Done as the team matures
Key concepts
- usable Increment
- Definition of Done
- Done vs undone work
- organizational standard
- multiple Increments per Sprint
- work not Done returns to the backlog
Empirical Forecasting & Transparency
Forecasting delivery with empirical data rather than promises: burn-up and burn-down charts, throughput and cumulative flow, Monte Carlo ranges, release planning with uncertainty, why velocity is not a commitment, and keeping artifacts transparent for decisions
Objectives
- Choose a forecasting technique for a stakeholder question
- Explain why a forecast is not a commitment
- Respond to a fixed-scope, fixed-date demand with empirical options
Key concepts
- burn-up and burn-down
- throughput
- cumulative flow
- probabilistic forecasting
- velocity misuse
- release planning
- transparency of artifacts
5 · Scrum Mastery & Product Agility5 topics
Scrum Master Stances
The stances a Scrum Master moves between: servant leader, facilitator, coach, teacher, mentor, manager, impediment remover and change agent; choosing the right stance for a situation and avoiding staying in one stance (such as always fixing)
Objectives
- Name the stances and give an example of each
- Choose the stance that best helps in a given situation
- Explain the risk of defaulting to impediment remover or manager
Key concepts
- servant leader
- facilitator
- coach vs mentor vs teacher
- manager of process
- impediment remover
- change agent
- choosing a stance
Facilitation & Conflict in Scrum Teams
Facilitating events and decisions without taking over: preparing, divergence and convergence, decision techniques, handling dominant voices and silence, conflict between Developers or with the Product Owner, dysfunctions and how a Scrum Master intervenes with minimum force
Objectives
- Design a facilitation approach for a stuck decision
- Intervene in a conflict with the smallest effective action
- Recognize team dysfunction patterns early
Key concepts
- divergent and convergent thinking
- decision techniques
- dominant voice
- conflict stages
- dysfunctions
- intervention ladder
- ground rules
Organizational Design, Culture & Leadership Styles
Evolving the organization around Scrum Teams: organizational impediments, culture and structure, middle management roles, leadership styles from directive to empowering, working with stakeholders, and how a Scrum Master leads, trains and coaches Scrum adoption across the organization
Objectives
- Identify an organizational impediment and who can remove it
- Choose a leadership style appropriate to team maturity
- Plan how to scale Scrum adoption without losing empiricism
Key concepts
- organizational impediments
- culture and structure
- leadership styles
- managers in an agile organization
- adoption planning
- Conway's law
- barriers between teams and stakeholders
Evidence-Based Management
Using evidence to improve value: the four Key Value Areas (Current Value, Unrealized Value, Time-to-Market, Ability to Innovate), key value measures, goals and experiments, avoiding vanity and output metrics, and using measures to inspect and adapt rather than to judge people
Objectives
- Classify measures by Key Value Area
- Select measures that answer a specific decision
- Design an experiment using EBM goals
Key concepts
- Key Value Areas
- Current Value
- Unrealized Value
- Time-to-Market
- Ability to Innovate
- goals and experiments
- vanity metrics
Product Value, Vision & Stakeholder Collaboration
Creating value with Scrum: product vision and strategy alignment, value definition and measurement, customers and users versus stakeholders, collaborating at the Sprint Review and between events, saying no, and managing expectations around fixed scope and date
Objectives
- Connect a Product Goal to a product vision and strategy
- Handle a powerful stakeholder pushing scope
- Choose how to engage different stakeholder groups
Key concepts
- product vision
- value
- customers and users
- stakeholder engagement
- business strategy
- saying no
- expectations
6 · Professional Scrum Developer Practices6 topics
Product Backlog Refinement & Estimation
Refinement as an ongoing activity that adds detail, estimates and order; Developers own sizing; splitting items vertically, acceptance criteria, relative estimation, Planning Poker, reference stories, throughput and #NoEstimates, and keeping estimates useful rather than precise
Objectives
- Split a large item into thin end-to-end slices
- Explain why Developers rather than the Product Owner size items
- Choose an estimation approach appropriate to the context
Key concepts
- refinement
- vertical slicing
- relative estimation
- Planning Poker
- acceptance criteria
- splitting patterns
- estimation bias
Test-Driven Development & Testing Strategy
TDD red-green-refactor, unit and integration tests, test pyramid, behavior-driven development and acceptance tests, test automation versus manual exploratory testing, regression suites, and test doubles; testing inside the Sprint rather than after it
Objectives
- Describe the TDD cycle and what each step protects
- Design a balanced test strategy for a feature
- Explain why testing at the end of the Sprint creates risk
Key concepts
- red-green-refactor
- test pyramid
- BDD
- test doubles
- exploratory testing
- regression automation
- fast feedback
Continuous Integration, Delivery & DevOps
Continuous integration, deployment pipelines, trunk-based development, feature toggles, infrastructure as code, environments, automated quality gates, monitoring and feedback loops, and DevOps culture as a way to keep Done releasable
Objectives
- Describe a pipeline that makes every commit a release candidate
- Reduce integration pain on a long-lived branch strategy
- Connect pipeline automation to the Definition of Done
Key concepts
- continuous integration
- deployment pipeline
- trunk-based development
- feature toggles
- infrastructure as code
- automated gates
- DevOps
Technical Debt, Quality & Emergent Architecture
Technical debt as the cost of earlier shortcuts, visible versus hidden debt, refactoring, clean code, code metrics, emergent design and evolutionary architecture, and how the Definition of Done and the Product Backlog make quality and debt transparent
Objectives
- Explain the compounding cost of technical debt
- Decide when to pay down debt versus deliver features
- Keep architecture evolving without a big design up front
Key concepts
- technical debt
- refactoring
- clean code
- emergent architecture
- quality vs speed
- debt visibility
- architecture runway
Collaborative Engineering Practices
Pair programming, mob programming, code review, collective code ownership, shared coding standards, cross-skilling (T-shaped people) and swarming on backlog items, balancing collaboration against individual flow, and how these practices support a cross-functional team
Objectives
- Choose pairing, mobbing or review for a given risk
- Spread knowledge when only one person can do a task
- Avoid individual work silos in the Sprint Backlog
Key concepts
- pair programming
- mob programming
- code review
- collective ownership
- T-shaped skills
- swarming
- coding standards
Managing Technical Risk
Identifying and reducing technical risk early: spikes and prototypes, walking skeletons, non-functional requirements (security, performance, reliability), dependencies and integration, proof of concept, and handling uncertainty through small experiments inside the Sprint
Objectives
- Use a spike to reduce uncertainty without hiding work
- Make non-functional needs visible in the Definition of Done
- Prioritize technical risk against feature value
Key concepts
- spikes
- walking skeleton
- non-functional requirements
- integration risk
- proof of concept
- fail fast experiments
- security in Done
Levels: Junior, Mid, and Senior
Explain it in your own words
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Frequently asked questions
Where should I start studying Scrum (Scrum.org PSM / PSPO / PSD)?
Start with Scrum Theory & Values: Empiricism & Lean Thinking, Scrum Values, and Scrum Guide 2020 Framework Overview. The map orders topics by what they depend on, so each one prepares the next.
How long does a full Scrum (Scrum.org PSM / PSPO / PSD) assessment take?
A full assessment of this path takes about 50 minutes. Study time depends on where you start; a diagnostic shows which topics you can skip.
Do I need an account to use this page?
No. The map, objectives and key concepts are open. You only need an account to be measured, get your gap by topic and receive a plan.