Python learning path: everything to study, topic by topic

Basic Python syntax rules, indentation, comments, and program structure

Variable assignment, naming, primitive types (int, float, str, bool, None), type conversion

if/elif/else, for loops, while loops, break, continue, match/case

Function definition, arguments, return values, scope, *args/**kwargs, lambda

String methods, formatting (f-strings, .format), slicing, encoding

open(), context managers for files, JSON/CSV/YAML reading and writing, pathlib, binary files

Arrays, linked lists, hash tables, stacks, queues, trees, sorting, searching, and complexity

Explicit and implicit type conversion, casting functions, coercion rules, and common pitfalls

Lambda syntax, anonymous functions, map/filter/reduce, sorting with lambda, functional style

List/tuple operations, methods, slicing, unpacking, named tuples

Dict operations, set operations, defaultdict, OrderedDict, hashability

defaultdict, Counter, deque, ChainMap, and specialized containers

List, dict, set comprehensions, nested comprehensions, generator expressions

re module, match/search/findall, groups, lookahead/lookbehind, compile, substitution

Class definition, __init__, inheritance, super(), MRO, class vs instance attributes

Dunder methods: __repr__, __str__, __eq__, __hash__, __len__, __getitem__, protocols

Common patterns in Python: Singleton, Factory, Strategy, Observer, Iterator

Single responsibility, Open/Closed, Liskov substitution, Interface segregation, DI

@dataclass decorator, field(), frozen dataclasses, __post_init__, inheritance, slots=True

Closures, free variables, nonlocal keyword, functools.partial

Function decorators, class decorators, @wraps, parameterized decorators, stacking

yield, generator functions, generator expressions, itertools, lazy evaluation

asyncio, coroutines, event loop, async generators, aiohttp patterns

with statement, __enter__/__exit__, contextlib, custom context managers

type(), __new__, __init_subclass__, metaclass programming, class creation flow

GIL purpose, impact on threading, CPU-bound vs I/O-bound, releasing the GIL, alternatives

pip, venv, pyproject.toml, setuptools, poetry, dependency management

pytest, unittest, mocking, fixtures, parametrize, coverage

Type annotations, typing module, Generic, Protocol, TypeVar, mypy

Exception hierarchy, custom exceptions, try/except/finally patterns, EAFP vs LBYL

MTV pattern, ORM, views, URLs, middleware, admin, and project configuration

Routes, decorators, request context, Blueprints, Jinja2 templates, and Flask extensions

Path operations, Pydantic models, dependency injection, async endpoints, OpenAPI docs

mypy strict mode, pyright, Pydantic BaseModel, validators, field types, serialization

Ruff, Black, isort, flake8, pre-commit hooks, and linting configuration

venv, virtualenv, uv, pyproject.toml, Poetry, pip-tools, and dependency resolution

os, pathlib, sys, datetime, itertools, functools, math, statistics, json, csv modules

pip, requirements.txt, Poetry, Conda, uv, pdm, dependency resolution, and lock files

pdb debugger, breakpoint(), logging module, cProfile, line_profiler, traceback analysis

GIL, reference counting, garbage collection, bytecode, C extensions

threading, multiprocessing, concurrent.futures, async coordination patterns

Profiling, caching, algorithmic complexity, memory optimization, Cython hints

Process class, Pool and map, shared memory, Queue and Pipe, fork vs spawn, ProcessPoolExecutor

Writing C extensions with ctypes, cffi, and the Python/C API for performance-critical code

Implementing custom asyncio transports and protocols for low-level network communication

Identifying and mitigating Python deserialization vulnerabilities in pickle, yaml, and eval

Using memory_profiler, tracemalloc, and objgraph to identify and fix memory leaks in Python apps

Instrumenting Python applications with OpenTelemetry for distributed tracing, metrics, and logs

Using Python's ast module to parse, analyze, and transform code for static analysis and code generation